ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the ability of theory of mind use in elders,and determine the role of inhibitory control in the use of theory of mind. Methods The participants included 30 young-old people ,30 oldold people and 30 young people. Their ability of theory of mind use and inhibitory control were examined with The Referential Communication Task and Hayling Sentence Completion Test,respectively. Results The correct rate of referential communication task was significantly lower in old-old people (0.43 ± 0.32) than those of young-old people (0.69 ±0.24, P=0. 001 ) and young people (0. 77 ±0. 25, P＜0. 001 ). Partial correlation analysis showed that the total errors in Hayling Test-B was negatively correlated with the correct rate of Referential Communication Task ( r= -0.442, P＜0.001 ). Hiberarchy regression analysis showed that the total errors in Hayling Test-B entered the equation ( β = -0.451, P＜0. 001 ) and could independently explained 16.8% of the variance (△R2 = 0. 168, △F = 19.359, P ＜ 0.001 ) after controlling for age. Conclusion Old-old people show worse performance in the use of theory of mind. The impairment of inhibitory control can partly explain the decline of theory of mind use in old-old people.
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Objective To study the cautious behaviors of mice under dangerous conditions caused by height. Methods An elevated beard task was designed,in which the mice were employed to get through a horizontally elevated beard. The time of getting through and number of looking-aside behaviors were recorded under different experimental conditions with different elevated height and visual cues. Results The mean time of getting through the elevated board with a height of 60cm was significantly longer than that of 15cm [(22.55±14.64)s Vs (12.16±8.67)s, P<0.05]. The number of looking-aside behaviors decreased from (2.95±1.73) to (1.95± 1.27) , P <0.05 ,when the visual cues on potential danger were controlled. Conclusion The cautious behaviors increase with the height of elevated board and decrease when controlling for the visual cues on potential danger, which indicate a trade-off relationship between the perceived danger and cautious behaviors.
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Objective:To test the validity and reliability of BSRI (Bem Sex Role Inventory) in Chinese culture Method:340 undergraduates from three universities in two cities were collected as the subjects They all completed the BSRI Item analysis and factor analysis were done followed by item revision making the inventory more suitable to Chinese culture Result:The new brief scale was composed of 14 masculine items and 12 feminine items The reliability and validity were improved after the revision Conclusion:The new brief scale is more suitable to Chinese culture
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Objective: Exploring the developmental vitial moments and process of career identity.Methods: A case subject was administered structured interview and tested by Career Identity and the Related Factors Questionnaire,Chinese Self-Efficacy Scale,QZPS and MBTI-G.Results: There were several vital moments in the process of career identity,such as the first time to think about career identity,and select a major,the first time to choose career and get employed,meet the organizational changes,find a new job again and get promotion.The present crisis of career identity reflected some unresolved problems of previous developmental periods.Conclusion: The individual's objective behavior toward career choice,decision-making,continuous exploration and efforts were of great benefit to career identity.
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Objective: To explore the feature of theory of mind(ToM) in schizophrenic patients and the influencing factors. Methods: Subjects were 108 patients with schizophrenia, 21 with affective disorders and 21 normal subjects. Picture-story tasks, PANSS and WAIS-R were used to assess the patients' ToM, symptoms and intelligence. Results:It was found that the scores on first-order theory of mind tasks of schizophrenic patients with IQ below 70 were lower than normal subjects'(D = -56.58,P
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Objective:To investigate an effective paradigm to test false belief understanding for the Autism. Method:By comparing the multimedia animation presentation and the traditional presentation, 20 autistic children's false belief understanding was analyzed as well as the normal children's.Results:Animation presentation was really helpful to both groups, especially for the children with autism. The performance might be underestimated due to the application of the traditional presentation in false belief tasks.Conclusion:The autistic children's theory of mind can be measured much closer to the truth if the more apt tasks are considered.